ESTABLISHMENT OF UKRAINIAN-POLISH LITERARY RELATIONS DURING THE INTERWAR PERIOD

Abstract

The article is describes the observation of Ukrainian-Polish relations during the difficult time of the interwar twenty years under unfavorable conditions of political life (sanitization, pacification) after unsuccessful national liberation struggles for Ukraine. The dynamics of the formation of the new Ukrainian cultural and literary infrastructure on the territory of Poland are considered, starting with the activities of the Ukrainian People’s Republic in exile, the formation of a new generation of emigrants who accepted the harsh challenges of modernity, did not despair, changed the bayonet to a pen. The. formation of the foundations of the “Prague School” in the camp center of interned soldiers, their gradual confirmation in literature, attempts to establish creative contacts with the “scamandrites”, and the formation of extra-camp formations are clarified. Specifically, the Ukrainian creative emigration under the conditions of rehabilitation, pacification or semi-recognition was urged to break through marginal complexities in the Polish and Czech environment and, under the new circumstances, felt the need for “a new challenge: to create a national culture and thereby strengthen the power of the people in its liberation struggles“. The panorama of the intellectual potential of Ukrainian scientists in Poland is highlighted, the process of establishing the Ukrainian-Polish communicative field (as opposed to political realities), documented by contemporary periodicals and personal contacts of Ukrainian and Polish writers, is clarified. However, despite the policies of Marshal J. Piłsudski and the harsh leveling of Ukrainianness, some Polish periodicals treated the Ukrainian problem favorably. It is stated that Ukrainian-Polish literary ties did not tear off during the interwar period, but patched up fragmentally, unfortunately did not acquire the hoped-for circulation of ideas, testifying to the possibility of dialogical convergence of horizons of understanding despite various, primarily political, differences, different cultures and creative experiences.